從溫詞〈歸國遙〉「小鳳戰篦金颭艷」句五家注的討論談到注解的態度與方法問題

張以仁

本文針對溫庭筠〈歸國遙〉詞「小鳳戰篦金颭艷」句，仔細商榷華連圃等五家注解，逐詞或審其音，或辨其義，詳作分析與討論，確定正解。這是本文重點之一。本文復以此為基礎，從五家注語文方面的錯失，論及其治學態度之疏率，以呈顯訓詁的步驟與方法之重要，從而提出慎讀原典、詳酌舊說、覆按資料、印證同例、提供理據等步驟，及稽之舊訓有據、揆之本文而協、驗之全詞亦通、求之他例可證、按之音律能諧等檢驗方法（檢驗方法，亦即作解要件），以期建立學術性的注解方式。

關鍵詞：歸國遙五家六說戰篦金颭艷

A Discussion on the Attitude and Methodology Regarding Annotation as Illustrated by the Different Annotations of Five Studies for the Line ‘Xiaofeng zhanbi jinzhanyan’（小鳳戰篦金颭艷）in the Ci-poem “Guiguo yao”（歸國遙）of Wen Tingyun

Yi-jen Chang

Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica

There have been six different kinds of annotation by Hua Lianpu and some other scholars regarding the line ‘Xiaofeng zhanbi jinzhanyan’（小鳳戰篦金颭艷）(The small golden phoenix atop the bi-comb-shaped hair ornament shivers up a glitter) in the ci-poem “Guiguo yao”（歸國遙）(far from returning to my country) by Wen Tingyun. This essay carefully discusses these annotations by examining their sounds, studying their connotations, and detailed analyses in order to determine which are the corrrect annotations. This is one of the focuses of this study.

Based on such study and the mistakes found in the language of those five studies, the author further discusses the negligence of their scholarship to highlight the importance of the steps and methodology of critical interpretation of ancient text. He also suggested the steps of carefully studying the original text, deliberating old theories, examining carefully in the light of source materials, verification, and providing evidences; as well as the investigation methods of examining and studying older critical interpretations, considering the consistency of the text, examining the rationality of the whole ci-poem, verification with other examples, and checking the rhythm of words. With these investigation methods, he hopes to establish an academic form of annotation.

Keywords: “Guiguo yao”（歸國遙）, six different kinds of theories by five kinds of studies, shivering on the bi-comb-shaped hair ornament, gold, glittering